Converged Web-identity and Mobile Device Based Shopping

ABSTRACT

Techniques for providing information to a user of a mobile device based on an online or web-identity of the user and a geolocation of the mobile device are described herein. The user may be notified when a nearby merchant has a good or service for sale that matches a good or service in a list, such as a wish list, associated with the web-identity of the user. The users may also be provided access to a coupon within an electronic document when a mobile device storing the electronic document is located at a particular merchant. This convergence of geographical location of the user, as determined by the geolocation of his or her mobile device, with his or her web-identity can bring the online and off-line worlds closer together to provide relevant information for the user and improved marketing opportunities for merchants.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is related U.S. Provisional Application Nos. 61/316,527filed on Mar. 23, 2010 and 61/351,743 filed on Jun. 4, 2010 both ofwhich are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.

BACKGROUND

The widespread use of mobile phones and the increasing sophistication ofsmart phones have created societies in which personal, mobile computingpower has become nearly ubiquitous. Content for mobile computing deviceshas typically flowed from technology initially used with desktopcomputers. Some aspects of mobile computing devices, such as a smallform factor with limited display capabilities and a lack of full-sizekeyboards, hinder adoption of content originally designed for desktopcomputers. Other aspects, such as the mobility itself, provide uniqueopportunities to use mobile computing devices in ways very differentthan desktop computers. Development of content that recognizes thelimitations while taking full advantage of the unique aspects of mobilecomputing devices is an active and maturing field.

Although some merchants have both online or web-based stores as well asbrick-and-mortar stores, the online and brick-and-mortar worlds arelargely separate. However, mobile computing devices allow someone to beboth “online” and at a brick-and-mortar merchant simultaneously. Forsome transactions such as purchasing goods or services, consumers may beprimarily concerned about price, convenience, and quality rather thanthe online or off-line format of the transaction. Additionally,advertising and marketing opportunities that cover both thebrick-and-mortar and the online worlds may present additional ways formerchants to reach potential consumers. Accordingly, the convergence ofan online presence and a real-world location can facilitate transactionsand enhance advertising to the benefit of both consumers and merchants.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The detailed description is described with reference to the accompanyingfigures. In the figures, the left-most digit(s) of a reference numberidentifies the figure in which the reference number first appears. Theuse of the same reference numbers in different figures indicates similaror identical items.

FIG. 1 shows an illustrative architecture in which a user of a mobiledevice, a merchant located at a specific geolocation, and an onlineretailer may interact.

FIG. 2 shows the mobile device from FIG. 1 in greater detail.

FIG. 3 shows the server(s) from FIG. 1 in greater detail.

FIG. 4 shows the user information from FIG. 1 in greater detail.

FIG. 5 shows the merchant profiles from FIG. 1 in greater detail.

FIG. 6 shows an illustrative architecture for a user of a mobile deviceto selectively interact with merchants having certain goods and/orservices for sale within a predetermined proximity of the mobile device.

FIGS. 7 a and 7 b are a flow diagram of an illustrative process fornotifying a user of a mobile device when a nearby merchant has a good orservice for sale that is of interest to the user.

FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of an illustrative process for recommending anearby merchant and an online good or service to a user of a mobiledevice.

FIG. 9 shows an illustrative timeline in which an electronic document ona mobile device contains a coupon that is activated when the mobiledevice is located at a merchant.

FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of an illustrative process for activating acoupon in an electronic document when a mobile device is located amerchant.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Mobile devices that provide wireless connection to the Internet (orother network) allow access to what may be called the “mobile web.” Themobile web may be accessed from a coffee shop, a park, an airport, ashopping mall, or any other location where there is a sufficientwireless signal. With the mobile web, access to the Internet is nolonger limited to offices, libraries, dorm rooms, and such places with acomputer and an Internet connection. Many of the mobile devices thatprovide access to the mobile web are also equipped with a GlobalPositioning System (GPS) or other type of location sensing technology.Therefore, the Internet accessed by a mobile device could be thought of“existing” at the specific geographic location or “geolocation” of themobile device. Thus, content from the Internet (or from another sourcesuch as a local storage device) presented to a user of a mobile devicemay differ depending on a geolocation of the mobile device.

This disclosure is directed to, in part, providing information to a userof a mobile device. For instance, if a good or service that the user maywish to purchase is for sale at a nearby merchant, that information maybe provided to the user. One source of information about the usercarrying the mobile device may be that user's web-identity which couldcontains such information as past purchases made from online retailwebsites, a wish list of items selected by the user, web pages the userhas frequently or recently viewed, and the like. The web-identity maysuggest what types of good and/or services the user desires and thegeolocation of the mobile device may suggest convenient, nearbybrick-and-mortar merchants. This combination of web-identity andphysical location may also be used to suggest that the user purchase agood or service from a nearby merchant instead of an online retailer.

This disclosure is directed to, in further part, providing additionalaccess to content based on geolocation. The content may be a promotion,such as a coupon, that provides the user with a financial incentive togo to (along with his or her mobile device) a particular geolocation.The geolocation may be a merchant that wishes to bring potentialcustomers into the store by making, for example, a coupon available onlyinside the store. The coupon may be related to the goods and/or servicessold by the merchant or related to goods and/or services sold by anonline retailer. The content may also be provided after the user goes tomultiple locations (e.g., several merchants) and logs in or checks inwith a server or other computer at each of those locations.

A merchant may include any human or legal person that is a seller ofgoods or services at a specific geolocation that engages in transactionswith customers. An online retailer may also include any human or legalperson that is a seller of goods or services, but an online retailerengages in remote transactions with customers over an electroniccommunications network (for example, but not limited to, website-basedretailers). A single company may have both a web presence andbrick-and-mortar stores so that aspects of the same company can beclassified as an online retailer and as a merchant.

The described techniques may be implemented in a number of ways and in anumber of contexts. Example implementations and context are providedwith reference to the following figures, as described below in moredetail. It is to be appreciated, however, that the followingimplementations and contexts illustrative of many possibleimplementations and contexts

Illustrative Environment and System Architecture

FIG. 1 shows an illustrative architecture 100 in which a representativeuser 102 employs a mobile device 104 to interact with a merchant 106.The merchant 106 may comprise a merchant server 108 and a point-of-saledevice 110 (e.g., a “cash register”). In some implementations, there maybe one merchant server 108 for several point-of-sale devices 110. Themerchant server 108 may also include merchant applications that manageinteractions between the merchant 106 and the mobile device 104. Themerchant applications may include applications that regulatepoint-of-sale transactions, online transactions, the provisioning ofpromotions, coupons, information, and the like. The merchant server 108may also store customer information about past or potential futurecustomers. In some implementations, the customer information maycomprise information such as personal information about the customer,customer preferences, and the like.

The mobile device 104 may be implemented as any number of mobiledevices, including but not limited to a mobile phone, a personal digitalassistant (PDA), a laptop computer, a net book, an eBook reader, apersonal media player (PMP), a portable gaming system, an automobilenavigation system, and so forth. The device 104 is location aware, or isable to provide information to another entity (e.g., a server computer)to allow the other entity to determine a location of the device 104. Alocation on the surface of the earth, or a “geolocation,” may beprovided to the device by a satellite 112 such as a GPS satellite.Alternatively, wireless signals such as from a radio antenna 114 may beused to determine a geolocation of the device 104 relative to a knownposition of the radio antenna 114. Other technologies and methods fordetermining geolocation are also envisioned within the scope of thisdisclosure such as, for example, calculating geolocation based on anetwork access point (e.g., Wi-Fi hotspot) or from a locator signalbroadcast from a known location, such as at the merchant 106.

The device 104 and the merchant 106 may connect to a network 116. Thenetwork 116 may include any one or combination of multiple differenttypes of networks, such as cable networks, local area networks, personalarea networks, wide area networks, the Internet, wireless networks, adhoc networks, mesh networks, and/or the like. In some implementationsthe satellite 112 and/or the radio antenna 114 may provide networkconnectivity to the mobile device 104 as well as provide geolocation.For example, the radio antenna 114 may provide network access to themobile device 104 according to the International MobileTelecommunications-2000 standards (“3G network”) or the InternationalMobile Telecommunications Advanced standards (“4G network”). Otherimplementations may include one source of geolocation data such as thesatellite 112 and a separate source of network connectivity such as aWi-Fi hotspot. The merchant 106 may connect to the network 116 throughthe merchant server 108 using any suitable mechanism such as a wired orwireless connection.

A one or more servers 118 may also be connected to the network 116 andconfigured to manage interaction between the mobile device 104 and themerchant 106. The server(s) 118 may house or otherwise have a connectionto multiple data stores including user information 120, merchantprofiles 122, and/or other data stores. Generally, the user information120 contains information about the user 102 associated with the mobiledevice 104. The user information 120 enables efficient and personalizedinteraction between the user 102 and the merchant 106. The merchantprofiles 122 generally contain information about one or more merchantsincluding the merchant 106 with which the user 102 is interacting. Onetype of interaction between the merchant 106 and the user 102 ispurchasing a good and/or service from the merchant 106 when the user 102is at the merchant location. Information about which goods and/orservices the user is be interested in purchasing may be contained in theuser information 120. Both of the data stores will be discussed ingreater detail below.

The server(s) 118 may also comprise an authentication module 124 thatcompares login information from the mobile device 104 and/or themerchant 106 to confirm that the correct user information 120, merchantprofiles 122, and other information is correlated with the correctentity (e.g., user 102 and/or point-of-sale device 110). Theauthentication module 124 will be discussed in greater detail below.

One or more online retailers 126 may also be connected to the network116. The online retailer(s) 126 may offer goods and/or services for saleover the network 116 without having a brick-and-mortar merchantlocation. Each of the mobile device 104, the merchant 106, the server(s)118 and the online retailer(s) 126 may communicate with one another overthe network 116. One company or store may have both an online retailer126 and one or more merchants 106 located at multiple geolocations.

Illustrative Mobile Device

FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the mobile device 104 of FIG. 1.The mobile device 104 includes one or more processors 202 and a memory204. The memory may contain a user identification module 206 that may inturn contain a user identifier 208 and/or user information 210. The useridentifier 208 may be a unique number or code that uniquely identifiesthe user 102 of the mobile device 104. This user identifier 208 may bethe same user identifier 208 that the user 102 uses for interacting withonline retailers 126 and the like. In some implementations, the useridentifier 208 may be entered by the user 102 into the mobile device 104during a setup procedure such as by entering a user name and a password.In other implementations, the user identifier 208 may be included inhardware of the mobile device 104. For example, a unique serial numberof the mobile device 104 may be linked with a user name and passwordwhen the user 102 purchases the device 104. As a further example, asubscriber identification module (SIM) on a removable SIM card withinthe device 104 may contain the user identifier 208. In this example, theuser identifier 208 may be transferred between devices by moving the SIMcard.

The device 104 may also contain user information 210 stored locally inthe memory 204. This information may be configurable by the user 102 andcan include payment information, a wish list of goods and/or services,past transaction histories, and/or any other information related to theuser 102. Information stored in the user identification module 206 maybe similar to information in the user information data store 120 shownin FIG. 1.

The memory 204 may also contain an electronic document 212. Theelectronic document may be any type of electronic document accessed by acomputing device such as a word processing document, a spreadsheetdocument, an email, a web page, an eBook, and the like. In someimplementations discussed below, the electronic document 212 may includea coupon. The coupon may be associated with one or more merchants.

The terms “book” and/or “eBook,” as used herein, include electronic ordigital representations of printed works, as well as digital contentthat may include text, multimedia, hypertext, and/or hypermedia.Examples of printed and/or digital works include, but are not limitedto, books, magazines, newspapers, periodicals, journals, referencematerials, telephone books, textbooks, anthologies, instruction manuals,proceedings of meetings, forms, directories, maps, web pages etc.Accordingly, the terms book and/or eBook may include any content that isin electronic or digital format.

In some implementations, the mobile device 104 may facilitatetransactions either online or with a merchant 106 while the user 102 ispresent at that merchant. Transactions may be fully completed using themobile device 104 for initiating and paying for the transaction. Digitalor electronic coupons may occasionally be provided to the mobile device104. These coupons may provide a discount to the user 102 of the mobiledevice 104 when he or she makes a purchase.

A coupon activation module 214 may regulate use and redemption ofcoupons based on geolocation and/or other factors. The coupon activationmodule 214 may activate a coupon when the mobile device 104 is locatedat a merchant 106. Prior to activation, the coupon activation module 214may conceal all or part of the coupon from the user 102. For example,the user reading an electronic document 212 may be unable to see acoupon included in that electronic document 212 unless the user takesthe mobile device 104 inside a certain merchant 106. In other examples,the user 102 may know that the electronic document 212 contains acoupon, but be unable to view the amount of discount or other aspect ofthe coupon until the user 102 and the mobile device 104 are at themerchant 106.

Mobile device 104 also includes one or more input and output devices216. The output devices may comprise one or more display devices 218including touch-screen displays that also function as an input device.An accelerometer 220 detects rotation or vibration of the mobile device104. The mobile device 104 may also include a camera 222 capable oftaking still or video pictures. An antenna 224 in the mobile device 104may send and receive wireless signals from sources such as the radioantenna 114 and satellite 112. The antenna 224 may, in someimplementations, communicate directly with a merchant 106 such as byexchanging wireless signals with the point-of-sale device 110 located atthe merchant 106. The device 104 may further comprise other input/outputdevices 226, such as a microphone and a speaker used, for example, in animplementation in which the mobile device 104 functions as a telephone.

In some implementations, the mobile device 104 may also include acalendar/clock 228, a location sensor 230, and a network interface 232.The calendar/clock 228 may calculate time, date, and other data that canbe derived from time data and date data. The location sensor 230includes any sort of system that informs the mobile device 104 of itsgeolocation including, but not limited to, the Global Positioning Systemof satellites circling the Earth. Alternatively, the location sensor maydetermine geolocation by radio signal triangulation (e.g., triangulationbased on radio antenna signal strength).

The network interface 232 may be configured for wirelessly communicatingwith the network 116. The network interface 232 may use any standardprotocols for network communication. In some implementations, thenetwork interface 232 may use the antenna 224 to send and receive datafrom the network 116. In further implementations, a network interface232 may provide information to the location sensor 230 (e.g., a closestnetwork access point) from which the location sensor 230 can infer orcalculate a location of the mobile device 104. In some implementations,the coupon activation module 214 may activate a coupon in response to asignal received from a merchant 106 via the network interface 232. Inother implementations the coupon activation 214 module may activate acoupon when the mobile device 104 is within a predetermined proximity ofa merchant associated with the coupon.

Illustrative Server

FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the server(s) 118 of FIG. 1. Theone or more servers 118 may be implemented as a single computing device,a server farm comprising multiple servers, a distributed network, acloud-computing configuration, and/or the like. The server(s) 118comprises one or more processors 302 and a memory 304. The memory 304may contain the same user identifier (1) 208 associated with the mobiledevice 104 FIG. 2. In some implementations, memory 304 may containthousands or even millions of separate user identifiers represented hereas User ID (N) 306 where N is any number greater than one. Each useridentifier may be associated with a respective mobile device.

The user identifier 208 represents a user 102 that is interacting withthe server(s) 118 via a mobile device 104. The authentication module 124determines if communications coming from the mobile device 104 should beassociated with the user identifier 208. In some implementations,authorization may involve handshaking or other verification between, forexample, the authentication module 124 of the server(s) 118 and themobile device 104. The authentication module 124 may similarlyauthenticate the identity of merchants 106 and/or online retailers 126.

The server(s) 118 may also include a notification module 308. In someimplementations, the notification module 308 on the server(s) 118provides a notification in the form of an e-mail, text, or similarmessage to the mobile device 104. The notification may be sent whenthere is a match between a good and/or service of interest to the user102 and a good and/or service offered by a merchant 106 within apredetermined proximity of the geolocation of the mobile device 104. Insome implementations, the notification module 308 may send anotification to the merchant 106 informing the merchant that a nearbyuser 102 may be interested in a good or service offered by the merchant106.

A recommendation module 310 stored on the server(s) 118 may providerecommendations to the mobile device 104. The recommendations maysuggest to the user 102 of the mobile device 104 nearby merchants 106that sell a good or service in which the user 102 may have an interest.The recommendation module 310 may also identify nearby merchants 106that offer a discount in the form of a coupon or such to the user 102.In some implementations, the recommendation module 310 may alsorecommend goods or services for sale by online retailers 126. Therecommendation of an online retailer 126 may be provided together withrecommendation for a nearby merchant 106. Depending on the goods and/orservices sold by the merchant 106 and the online retailer 126, therelationship may be one of competition or collaboration. In arelationship deemed to be competitive, the recommendation module 310 mayinform the user 102 that a nearby merchant 106 and an online retailer126 both offer the same in good or service for sale. However, in arelationship deemed to be complementary, the online retailer 126 mayoffer something that is not available from the nearby merchant 106 butmay enhance or complement a good or service sold by that merchant 106.

The server(s) 118 may also facilitate advertising via communications(e.g., notifications, recommendations, and the like) sent from or onbehalf of the merchant 106 to the mobile device 104. For example, anentity that controls the server(s) 118 may generate revenue by chargingmerchants 106 and/or online retailers 126 for the privilege of beingincluded in notifications sent from the notification module 308 and/orrecommendations sent from the recommendation module 310. A paymentmodule 312 in the server(s) 118 may receive and process payments frommerchants 106 and/or online retailers 126. The payments may be in theform of a “virtual” currency or points that are accepted as payment bythe entity that controls the server(s) 118 but are not a standardcurrency. Users 102 may opt in to receive notifications andrecommendations provided by the server(s) 118. The payment received bythe payment module 312 may be structured as a flat fee, a per unit fee,or determined by bidding between various merchants 106 and/or onlineretailers 126. The operator of the server 118 may structure the paymentsystem so as to maximize revenue paid by the merchants 106 and/or onlineretailers 126.

FIG. 4 is a data store including user information 120 that may beincluded within or connected to the server(s) 118. The user information120 may contain some or all of the same information stored as userinformation 210 on the mobile device 104. In some implementations, theuser information 120 stored on the server(s) 118 may be used to backupor restore the user information 210 on the mobile device 104 if, forexample, the mobile device 104 is lost or damaged.

The user information 120 may provide separate data associated with eachof the user identifiers 208-306 shown in FIG. 3. For example, User ID(1) 208 may be associated with payment information 402, a user profile404, a transaction record 406, and a list of goods and/or services ofinterest to the user 408. The payment information 402 may include suchthings as credit card or debit card numbers, bank account information,electronic payment system information, and/or the like. The user profile404 may contain user preferences, lists of interests and hobbies,indications of which types of communications and/or transactions theuser 102 has selected to receive, personal information such aspreferences for a matchmaking service, and any other type of informationassociated with the user 102 and his or her User ID (1) 208. Thetransaction record 406 may contain a past transaction history comprisingthe identity of the seller (e.g., which merchant 106 or online retailer126), time, geolocation, and subject of the transaction.

The list of items of interest to the user 408 may provide a list ofgoods and/or services that the user 102 might wish to purchase. Theuser's desires may be inferred from past activity by the user 102 inwhich he or she explicitly or implicitly indicated an interest in somegood or service. For example, a list of previously viewed goods and/orservices 410 may track those web pages or good/service descriptions thatthe user 102 has viewed previously in a web browser or another format.More definitive indications of the user's interest may be determined byreviewing the contents of a wish list 412 that the user 102 hasgenerated himself or herself. The user 102 may establish a wish list onmultiple online retailers 126, on another location such as a personalwebsite, etc. and all of the different wish lists may be merged into thewish list 412 stored as part of the user information 120. An evenstronger indication of what the user 102 is likely to buy may bedetermined by viewing the contents of an online shopping cart 414. Theshopping cart 414 may represent those goods or services that the user102 has begun, but not finished, purchasing from an online retailer 126.For some online retailers 126, a shopping cart may disappear if the user102 does not complete the purchase within a fixed period of time, butfor other online retailers 126 a virtual shopping cart may persistindefinitely. A user 102 could have multiple shopping carts at variousonline retailers 126 each containing one or more goods or services. Theshopping cart 414 included in the user information 120 may represent anaggregation of the individual shopping carts from multiple differentonline retailers 126.

FIG. 5 is a data store including merchant profiles 122 that may beincluded within or connected to the server(s) 118. The merchant profiles122 contain information about the merchant 106 such as geolocations 500of the merchant's brick-and-mortar locations, goods and/or services 502offered for sale by the merchant 106, one or more promotions 504 offeredby the merchant, reviews and ratings of the merchant 506, and otherdata.

The geolocations 500 may be one source of data used to determine whethera mobile device 104 is “near” or within a predetermined proximity of amerchant location. In some implementations, the geolocations 500 may bestored as coordinates such as latitude and longitude and compared with acoordinates of the mobile device 104 such as latitude and longitudedetermined by a GPS. The goods and/or services 502 available at themerchant 106 may be a real-time or near real-time list of inventory orthe identified goods and/or services 502 may indicate things that themerchant 106 typically offers for sale without regard to currentavailability.

The promotions 504 may include things such as coupons or discounts forthe goods or services offered by the merchant. The promotions 504 mayalso be usable at a different merchant. For example, by logging in orchecking in at a first merchant the user may receive a promotion that isredeemable at a second, different merchant. The first merchant may paysome or all of the costs associated with providing the promotion at thesecond merchant. The promotions 504 may, for example, give a discount toa user 102 based on the user information 120 for that user 102. Forexample, a merchant 106 may provide a coupon to a user 102 of a mobiledevice 104 for items that are included in a user's wish list 412. Thecoupons may provide a fixed discount or a percentage discount. Forexample, a coupon may provide the recipient with a fixed savings of $20for any purchase of $50 or more. Alternatively, the coupon may provide a50% off discount. Similarly, the coupon may provide forbuy-one-get-one-free, buy-two-get-the-third-free, or similar types ofdiscounts related to a number of items purchased.

The reviews and ratings 506 of the merchant may be provided byprofessional editors or reviewers or by voting or group rating fromseveral users.

Illustrative Notifications and Recommendations Based on Geolocation

FIG. 6 shows an illustrative architecture 600 in which a representativeuser 102 receives information about nearby merchants on a mobile device104. The user 102 and his or her mobile device 104 may be located nearseveral merchants represented here as merchant (1) 602 merchant (2) 604,and merchant (3) 606. The merchants may be similar to the merchant 106shown in FIG. 1. The location of the mobile device 104 may be determinedby the location sensor 230 shown in FIG. 2. For example, the satellite112 may provide global positioning information to the mobile device 104.The locations of the various merchants 602, 604, and 606 may be provideddirectly to the mobile device 104 (e.g., by wireless radio wavetransmissions) or included as a geolocation 500 stored in a merchantprofile 122 available to the server(s) 118. In this implementation, theserver(s) 118 may compare a geolocation of the merchants 602, 604, and606 with a geolocation of the mobile device 104 to determine therelative proximity of the user 102 with the merchants 602, 604, and 606.

The concept of “near” may be determined by a predetermined proximity,such as a circle 608, centered on the user 102 and the mobile device104. The size of the circle 608, which may be represented by a radius,may vary based on geolocation of the mobile device 104, user preferencesset by the user 102, a strength of wireless signals received by themobile device 104, or other factors. The size of the circle 608 may alsovary over time and vary based the nature of an interaction between theuser 102 and the mobile device 104. Although illustrated here as acircle 608, the predetermined proximity relative to the mobile device104 may have any shape. For example, if the user 102 is in an urbanenvironment where streets are arranged in a regular grid pattern, theshape may be a square or rectangle.

The location of the circle 608 or the point about which the circle iscentered may in some implementations be based on a fixed location ratherthan the current location of the mobile device 104. For example, theuser 102 may provide his or her home, work, or other address. The user102 may frequently shop around this fixed location and may alsofrequently return to this fixed location. Thus, in some implementationsthe user 102 may receive notifications of coupons that are useful atmerchants near his or her home, office, etc. even when his or her mobiledevice 104 is at another geolocation.

The architecture 600 also shows a merchant (4) 610 and a merchant (5)612 that are outside the predetermined proximity of the mobile device104. In some implementations, information about these merchants 610 and612 may not be provided to the user 102 because the merchants 610 and612 are deemed too far away. Although three merchants 602, 604, and 606are shown as being within the predetermined proximity and two merchants610 and 612 are shown as being outside of the predetermined proximity,these numbers are only illustrative and any number of merchants(including zero) may be inside or outside of the predeterminedproximity.

Each of the merchants 602, 604, 606, 610, and 612 may be associated withitems 502 offered for sale by that merchant. The specific items that areavailable may be identified by the server(s) 118 in reference to themerchant profiles 122 of each of the respective merchants 602, 604, 606,610, and 612.

The server(s) 118 may also have access to the user information 120 asshown in FIG. 4. The user identifier 208 associated with the mobiledevice 104 and that user's user information 120 may allow the server(s)118 to compare a list of items of interest 408 to the user with thegoods and/or services 502 offered for sale by the various merchants.When there is a match and the matching merchant is within the circle 608or predetermined proximity of the mobile device 104, the user 102 may benotified of the match.

One or more online retailers 126 may also be in communication with theserver(s) 118 and or in communication with the mobile device 104. Insome implementations, the server(s) 118 may compare goods and/orservices offered by the online retailer(s) 126 with goods and/orservices 502 offered by the nearby merchants 602, 604, and 606 and makea recommendation to the user 102 that includes either or both of theofferings from the online retailer(s) 126 and from the nearby merchants602, 604, and 606.

The information provided to the user 102 in the form of a notification,recommendation, or communication may be a type of advertisement in whichthe nearby merchants 602, 604, and 606 compete with otherbrick-and-mortar merchants as well as the online retailers 126 to make asale to the user 102. For example, the nearby merchants 602, 604, and606 may use data from the “online world” such as the transaction record406 or list of items of interest 408 to the user to try to drivebrick-and-mortar sales. Alternatively, the merchants 602, 604, and 606may submit lists of goods and/or services available for sale as well aspromotions such as coupons to an online repository such as the merchantprofiles 122 shown in FIGS. 1 and 5. The online repository (e.g.server(s) 108 connected to the merchant profiles 122) may analyzecharacteristics of the users to determine which users receive promotionsor notifications regarding the merchants 602, 604, and 606. Conversely,the online retailers 126 may have information about their items senttogether with information about the items 502 at the local merchants602, 604, and 606. If the online retailers 126 can offer a lower price,this may dissuade the user 102 from making a purchase from thebrick-and-mortar merchant. Other types of competitive and collaborativerelationships between online retailers and off-line merchants thatutilize geolocation of the mobile device 104 and user information 120are discussed below.

FIGS. 7 a and 7 b illustrates a process 700 for sending a notificationabout items available at a merchant to a user of a mobile device. Atoperation 702, an identifier of a user is received from a mobile device.The identifier of the user may be the same or similar to the useridentifier 208 shown in FIGS. 2-4.

At operation 704, items of interest to the user may be identified.Identification of which items are of interest to the user may be basedon the identifier of the user. The items of interest to the user may bea list of goods and/or services that the user has previously viewed, awish list of goods and/or services, a list of goods and/or servicesincluded in a shopping cart that the user has with an online retailer,items identified in a user profile associated with the user, or anothersimilar source of information about the user's interests. The userprofile may be similar to the user profile 404 shown in FIG. 4. Forexample, the user may also manually select categories of goods and/orservices of interest and these categories may be stored as part of theuser profile. The user profile may also be linked to a social network orlist of friends and items of interest to the user may be inferred fromitems or interest, including items purchased, by friends or socialnetwork contacts. The user profile may also be partially or entirelyimported from an external source such as a website managing the socialnetwork. The identifier of the user may provide access to the user'saccount on the social network (or other) site, and thus, provide accessto an external user profile.

At operation 706, a geolocation of the mobile device is determined. Thegeolocation may be determined by the location sensor 230 shown in FIG.2.

At operation 708, a merchant or plurality of merchants is identifiedthat is within a predetermined proximity of the geolocation of themobile device. The merchant(s) may be identified by referencing a map ofmerchant locations and comparing the map with the geolocation of themobile device to determine distances between the mobile device andvarious merchants. The predetermined proximity may be a distance such asa radius that forms a circle around the user as shown in FIG. 6.

At operation 710 the items identified at operation 704 are compared withitems offered by the merchant identified at operation 708. Conversely,the items offered by the merchant at operation 708 may be compared withthe items identified at operation 704. This way, the merchant mayidentify if its offered items are similar to any of the items ofinterest to the user. The offered items may include any goods and/orservices in the inventory of that merchant.

In one implementation, the geolocation of the merchant and the currentlyin stock items of the merchant may be received from the merchant atoperation 712. For example, the merchant may submit its geolocation andlist of current inventory to a server for incorporation in a merchantprofile such as the merchant profiles 122 shown in FIG. 5. A server,such as the server(s) 118 discussed above, may compare the items ofinterest to the user and the merchant's inventory without revealing anyof the user's information to the merchant. This may allow the user toreceive the benefit of knowing when a nearby merchant is offering itemsthat match, or are related to, his or her interests without having toreveal information to the merchant.

In another implementation, a list of the items of interest to the useris provided to the merchant at operation 714. The comparison may beperformed by the merchant and then a response may be received from themerchant at operation 716. Either or both of the user and the server mayreceive the response. The response may indicate a “yes” or “no”depending on if the merchant has items that match the user's interests.The response may also indicate a payment or payment commitment from themerchant to the source (e.g., the server) that identified the items ofinterest to the user. Providing the items of interest to the userdirectly to the merchant may allow the list to be compared with themerchant's inventory without requiring a server. This may be appropriatewhen the mobile device can communicate directly with the merchant, butthe mobile device is unable to access a network connection forcommunicating with a server.

Irrespective of the techniques used for making the comparison, atoperation 718, it is determined whether or not the merchant offers itemsof interest to the user or items related to items of interest to theuser. For example, if a baseball is an item of interest to the user itmay be inferred that a bat or glove, although not direct matches, wouldalso be of interest to the user. If no match exists, process 700proceeds along the “no” path and returns to operation 706. As the mobiledevice moves, different merchants may come within the predeterminedproximity of the mobile device and one of these new merchants may offeran item that is of interest to the user. If the merchant does offer anitem of interest to the user, process 700 proceeds along the “yes” path.The following portions of process 700 are shown on FIG. 7 b.

At operation 720, a notification of the determination from operation 718is generated. The notification may simply state that a match exists.However, the notification may also identify such things as which item ofinterest to the user is offered by the merchant, which nearby merchantoffers that item for sale, a map to the merchant, a price of the good orservice, any coupon or discount available for the good or service, aredemption period for the coupon or discount, a maximum number of itemsavailable per person, and/or other information.

When a plurality of merchants is identified at operation 708, thenotification may include a list or map of those merchants. If theidentified merchants are relatively nearby (e.g., within 100 yards) thenotification may be a list of the merchants showing a distance to themerchants. If the identified merchants are farther away (e.g., withinfive miles) the notification may include a map showing the locations ofthe merchants. The notification may also include the price of the itemat the merchants so that the user can easily compare prices.

At operation 722, a decision is made to contact or not to contact themerchant. This decision may be based on a user profile or other type ofinformation about the user that is associated with the identifier of theuser. When the merchant is not contacted, process 700 proceeds along the“no” path to operation 724.

At operation 724, the notification generated at operation 720 is sent tothe mobile device. For example, the items identified at operation 704may be a list of goods and/or services the user has on a shopping listfor Christmas or another holiday. As the user, with his or her mobiledevice, moves through a shopping mall the mobile device may receive aseries of notifications telling the user which items from his or hershopping list are at which stores. This may allow the user to quicklyfind and purchase the items on his or her list and this technique mayalso allow the user to find the merchant with the lowest price for itemson the list.

If at operation 722 the decision is made to contact the merchant, thenprocess 700 proceeds along “yes” path to operation 726. At operation726, the notification generated at operation 720 is sent to themerchant. Once informed that the merchant offers items that are ofinterest to the user, the merchant may wish to contact the user of themobile device with the hope of making a sale. The decision to contactthe user may be based on an available and unused inventory of themerchant. For example, if the merchant is a service provider like a spaor a restaurant the merchant may have relatively fixed costs, and thus,be concerned about minimizing unused capacity. The merchant may decidehow many users to contact and how aggressively to promote a item ofinterest to the user based on the merchant's excess capacity or excessinventory.

At operation 728, a payment may be received from the merchant. Thepayment may be received by a server implementing the process 700 suchas, for example, the server(s) 118 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. The paymentmay be received and processed by the payment module 312 shown in FIG. 3.Responsive to receiving the payment, the process 700 may proceed tooperation 724 and send a notification to the mobile device. The paymentamount may be arrived at through a bidding process between multiplemerchants. For example, when more than one merchant within thepredetermined proximity of the mobile device has the same good orservice for sale, each of those merchants may place competitive bids andthe merchant with the winning bid may be included in the notificationsent to the mobile device at operation 724.

The notification to the mobile device sent at operation 724 may alsoincluded a coupon for one of the goods or services of interest to theuser. Merchants may choose to have coupons included in the notificationin order to encourage the user to purchase the good or service thatmatches his or her interests. The user's interest may be determined fromthe user information 120 shown in FIG. 4. In some implementations, datamining techniques may be applied to the user information in order toinfer the user's interests. For example, if the user's interests arederived from an online shopping cart the user has established with anonline merchant, the merchant may provide a coupon that lowers the priceof the goods or service to equal or less than the price offered by theonline retailer. The online retailers may choose to reveal the contentsof online shopping carts and the price of the items in those shoppingcarts to the merchants only if the merchants compensate the onlineretailer for “taking” the sale. For example, if the online retailer'sprofit margin generates profits of one dollar for the sale of a certaingood, then the online retailer may provide shopping cart information tothe merchant in exchange for a fee of one dollar. The fee may also becontingent on whether or not the user actually purchases the good fromthe merchant. In some implementations, payments from the merchant to anonline retailer may be mediated by the server(s) 118.

As discussed above, the notification may also be a map showing locationsof merchants that have items matching the items of interest to the user.For example, each indication on the map of a merchant location mayprovide additional information about that merchant (e.g., in a pop-upwindow) such as the list of matching or similar items, item prices,identification of coupons or deals available to the user the mobiledevice, and the like.

FIG. 8 illustrates a process 800 for providing recommendations of onlinepurchases together with information about a nearby brick-and-mortarmerchant. At operation 802, an identifier of a user is received from amobile device. Similar to operation 702 shown in FIG. 7, receiving anidentifier of a user can function to associate information about theuser with the mobile device.

At operation 804, a request for recommendation of a merchant that iswithin a predetermined proximity of the mobile device is received. Insome implementations, the request may be sent manually by the user ofthe mobile device for example in response to the user pressing a“recommend nearby merchants” button. In other implementations, therequest may be transmitted automatically by the mobile device.

At operation 806, the geolocation of the mobile device is determined.The geolocation may be determined by the location sensor 230 shown inFIG. 2.

At operation 808, a merchant within the predetermined proximity of themobile device that also provides a discount to the user of the mobiledevice is identified. The discount may be based on an attributeassociated with the identifier of the user received at operation 802.For example, if the user is a member of a group that receives a discountat a particular merchant, then that merchant may be identified if theuser-member is within the predetermined proximity. If the merchant isnearby the users home or work address then the contact information ofthe user may be a source of determining eligibility for a discount.Similarly, financial information of the user such as a type of creditcard owned by the user or a credit score may provide the user withaccess to discounts that are not universally available. When more thanone merchant within the predetermined proximity of the mobile deviceoffers a discount to the user of the mobile device, a plurality ofmerchants within the predetermined proximity may be identified. Thegeolocations of each of the plurality of merchants may be used togenerate a map, for example with “flags” or “pins” in the map showingthe location of the merchants. This map may be sent to the mobile deviceof the user so that the user can navigate to and select from theplurality of merchants.

In some implementations, a merchant or merchants may be identified basedon a transaction record 406 of the user. For example, the transactionrecord 406 may identify merchants with which the user has a pre-existingrelationship. The transaction record 406 may also identify merchants atwhich the user has previously used a coupon or otherwise received adiscount.

In other implementations, the merchant may be identified based on a listof goods and/or services 408 of interest to the user. This list 408 maybe any of the types of lists shown in FIG. 4 such as a list of goodsand/or services that the user has previously viewed, a wish list ofgoods and/or services, a list of goods and/or services in a shoppingcart associated with the user or a list derived directly or indirectlyfrom information in a user profile of the user. For example, the user'sinterest may be inferred by identifying those merchants at which theuser has logged in to an online system from his or her mobile device.

In further implementations, a merchant may be identified based onratings or reviews 810 of that merchant. The ratings and reviews 810 maybe the same as the ratings and reviews 506 from the merchant profiles122 shown in FIG. 5. For example, only high-ranked merchants (e.g.,four-star or five-star ranking) may be eligible to be identified. Theuse of ratings and/or reviews 810 to identify merchant may also involvesocial networking as a source for the ratings and reviews 810. Thus,ratings and/or reviews 810 from others the user's social network may bea source, or the sole source, of ratings and reviews 810 used toidentify the merchant.

At operation 812, a recommendation of the merchant is sent to the mobiledevice. In some implementations, the recommendation may be generated andsent by the recommendation module 310 of the server(s) 118 that is shownin FIG. 3. The recommendation provides user with information about amerchant that is both nearby and that provides a discount to the user.

The recommendation of the merchant may include a list of merchants 814when multiple merchants within the predetermined proximity match thecriteria specified by the user. The recommendation may also beaccompanied by ratings or reviews 810 of the merchant derived from otherusers, professional reviews, and the like. The ratings and reviews 810may also be included in the recommendation. If the ratings and reviews810 were not used to identify the merchant at operation 808, the usermay consider the ratings and reviews 810 when evaluating therecommendation. The recommendation may also included directions 816 tothe merchant. In some implementations, a coupon 818 for the merchant maybe included with the recommendation. The coupon 818 may provide anadditional discount beyond the discount associated with the useridentifier. The recommendation sent at operation 810 may also includeany combination of the above features.

At operation 820, a recommendation for a good or service available froman online retailer is also sent to the mobile device. Thisrecommendation may be generated by the recommendation module 310. Therecommendation for the good or service available online may be anadvertisement that encourages the user to purchase the good or servicefrom the online retailer. The good or service available online may becompetitive with the goods and/or services offered by the merchantrecommended at operation 810. In other words, the user may be providedwith information about where to purchase a good or service at a nearbymerchant and information about how to purchase a same or similar good orservice from an online retailer.

In some implementations, the online retailer may pay an advertising fee(e.g., to the entity that operates the server(s) 118) in order to have arecommendation sent to the mobile device. Conversely, the merchant mayalso be provided an opportunity to pay a fee to limit potential onlinecompetitors from having a recommendation piggybacked onto therecommendation of the merchant. For example, merchants may request thatwhen they are included in a recommendation sent at operation 812 thatthe recommendation for an online good or service sent at operation 820recommends something from that merchant's online store, recommendssomething from any online merchant except for a specified list of“rival” online merchants, or otherwise influence the recommendationprovided that operation 820. The online retailer and the merchant mayalso compete or bid against each other for control of the recommendationprovided at operation 820.

In other implementations, the good or service available from the onlineretailer may be a good or service that has been deemed complementary tothe goods and/or services offered by the merchant. The user, themerchant, the online retailer, a server or any other entity may makedeterminations as to which goods and/or services are complementary.

Illustrative Promotions Based on Geolocation

FIG. 9 shows an illustrative timeline 900 showing activation of a couponor other promotion when the mobile device 104 is at a merchant 106. Thecoupon, or other promotion, may be tied to a specific geolocation sothat the user 102 can only redeem the coupon when he or she is locatedat a particular merchant 106. This may drive foot traffic to themerchant 106 because users may wish to activate and redeem the coupon.Even if the coupon is unrelated to the goods and/or services sold by themerchant 106, this may provide a benefit for the merchant 106 becausethe users once at the merchant 106 might purchase a good and/or service.

At time 1, the mobile device has an electronic document 212 stored inmemory as shown in FIG. 2. In some implementations, this electronicdocument 212 may be an electronic book or an eBook. The electronicdocument 212 includes an inactive coupon 902 within the document. Theinactive coupon 902 may be included as part of the text or other contentof the electronic document 212. The inactive coupon 902 may also beattached to or otherwise appended to the electronic document 212. Theinactive coupon 902 may also be provided as a stand-alone product thatis not included in an electronic document 212.

When the user 102 and the mobile device 104 are not located at themerchant 106 the inactive coupon 902 may remain inactive. Theinactive/active status of the coupon may be regulated by the couponactivation module 214 of the mobile device 104 shown in FIG. 2. In someimplementations, the inactive coupon 902 may be concealed from the user102 of the mobile device 104 until the mobile device 104 is located atthe merchant 106. In other implementations, only one or more aspects ofthe coupon are concealed. Alternatively, all aspects of the coupon maybe revealed to the user 102 even when the mobile device 104 is notlocated at the merchant 106. If the inactive coupon 902 is provided byitself without an electronic document 212, the existence of the inactivecoupon 902 may not be wholly concealed from the user 102, but thespecific nature of the “deal” or coupon may be concealed. For example, auser may be able to tell that he or she has an inactive coupon 902 froma certain merchant, but not know what the coupon is for or the size ofthe discount. Curiosity may drive foot traffic to the merchants thatprovide this type of partially-hidden coupon.

In some implementations in which the coupon is fully concealed, thecoupon may function like a surprise or “Easter egg” that unexpectedlyrewards the user. Once one person discovers the existence of the coupon,this information may spread informally or “virally” and can create afurther incentive for additional people to obtain the electronicdocument 212. In implementations in which only some aspects of thecoupon are concealed, the merchant at which the coupon can be redeemedmay be exposed to the user 102, but other details such as the amount ofdiscount may remain concealed.

At time 2, when the user 102 and the mobile device 104 arrive at themerchant 106, the coupon may become an active coupon 904. Activation mayalso be linked to time. A coupon may not become an active coupon 904unless the current time matches a time specified by the inactive coupon902. For example, in order to encourage repeat business a coupon may notbe active until the following day. Thus, in some implementations, bothtime and place must be as specified in order for an inactive coupon 902to become an active coupon 904.

Activation of the coupon may be implemented by the mobile device 104receiving a signal from the point-of-sale device 110 or from the network116. Activation may also be implemented by the coupon activation module214 alone or in conjunction with other components of the mobile device104 such as the location sensor 230 and/or the calendar/clock 228. Thelocation sensor 230 may determine that the geolocation of the mobiledevice 104 corresponds to the geolocation of the merchant 106 and thecoupon activation module 214 may activate the coupon. For coupons thatare valid only during a certain time period, the calendar/clock 228 mayalso determine if the current time is within a time period specified forredemption of the coupon. At this point, any aspects of the coupon thatwere concealed may be revealed to the user 102.

FIG. 10 shows an illustrative process 1000 for activating and using acoupon in an electronic document. At operation 1002, an electronicdocument containing a coupon may be downloaded to a mobile device.Depending on the relative perceived value of the electronic document andof the coupon, the user of the mobile device may choose to initiate thedownload primarily to receive the electronic document or primarily toreceive the coupon.

At operation 1004, all or part of the coupon may be concealed when themobile device is not located at the merchant. This may tie the value ofthe coupon to the user's presence at the merchant. Thus, for example, acoffee shop may pay to have coupons placed in eBooks in order to bringpeople into the coffee shop to redeem the coupon with the hope thatthose people will buy something from the coffee shop.

At operation 1006, it is determined if the mobile device storing, inmemory, the electronic document that contains the coupon is at themerchant. The mobile device may be characterized as being “at” themerchant when the mobile device is within a predetermined proximity ofthe merchant. The mobile device may also be determined to be at themerchant when the mobile device receives a signal from the merchant. Thesignal may be a “heartbeat” or “ping” that is transmitted only over ashort distance. When the mobile device is at the merchant, process 1000follows the “yes” path to operation 1008. When the mobile device is notat the merchant, process 1000 follows the “no” path and returns tooperation 1004 where all or part of the coupon may remain concealed.

At operation 1008, any part of the coupon that was concealed may berevealed or shown to the user. At operation 1010 when the mobile deviceis at the merchant, the coupon is activated. In some implementations thecoupon activation module 214 of the mobile device may activate thecoupon. The coupon may be activated in response to determining that themobile device is located at the merchant in operation 1006. The couponmay also be activated in response to a signal from the merchant 1012.

At operation 1014, a command from the user of the mobile device to usethe coupon as part of purchase of a good or service is received. Thecommand may be an explicit command to use the coupon or the command maybe implicit in that the coupon is automatically applied when thepurchase is transacted. The transaction may be a purchase of a good orservice at the same merchant where the coupon was activated 1016 or thetransaction may be with an online retailer 1018. The transaction withthe online retailer 1018 may be completed by using the mobile device.

If the active coupon is redeemed at the merchant 1016, the active couponmay appear in the electronic document as a machine-readable code such asa barcode that can be presented to the point-of-sale device at themerchant. The active coupon may also be a code or pass phrase that theuser can show or tell an employee of the merchant in order to receivethe discount.

In implementations in which, the coupon is be activated at the merchant,but redeemable at an online retailer 1018. The mobile device may connectto a network from within the merchant to use the active coupon at anonline retailer. The active coupon may remain active once activated evenif the mobile device later leaves the merchant or, in otherimplementations, the active coupon may revert to an inactive coupon oncethe mobile device is no longer located at the merchant.

1. One or more computer-readable storage media storingcomputer-executable instructions that, when executed by one or moreprocessors, instruct a computing device to perform acts comprising:receiving an identifier of a user from a mobile device; identifyingitems of interest to the user based at least in part on the identifier;determining a geolocation of the mobile device; identifying a merchantwithin a predetermined proximity of the geolocation of the mobiledevice; comparing the items of interest to the user with items offeredby the identified merchant to determine whether the merchant offers anitem of interest to the user or an item related to the items of interestto the user; and when the comparing determines that the merchant offersthe item of interest to the user, generating a notification of thedetermination.
 2. The computer-readable storage media as recited inclaim 1, wherein the items of interest to the user comprises at leastone of a list of goods and/or services that the user has previouslyviewed, a wish list of goods and/or services associated with the user, alist of goods and/or services in a shopping cart associated with theuser, or items identified in a user profile.
 3. The computer-readablestorage media as recited in claim 1, wherein the comparing furthercomprises identifying the items of interest to the user to the merchantand receiving a response from the merchant.
 4. The computer-readablestorage media as recited in claim 1, further comprising sending thenotification to the mobile device.
 5. The computer-readable storagemedia as recited in claim 4, wherein the notification comprises at leastone of a price of an item of interest to the user and offered by themerchant, directions to the merchant, or a coupon.
 6. Thecomputer-readable storage media as recited in claim 5, wherein thecoupon comprises one of a fixed discount or a percentage discount. 7.The computer-readable storage media as recited in claim 1, furthercomprising sending the notification to the merchant.
 8. Thecomputer-readable storage media as recited in claim 7, furthercomprising receiving a payment from the merchant and, responsive toreceiving the payment, sending the notification to the mobile device. 9.The computer-readable storage media as recited in claim 8, wherein thepayment is a bid and the merchant is one of a plurality of merchantswithin the predetermined proximity of the geolocation of the mobiledevice.
 10. A computer-implemented method comprising: under control ofone or more computer systems configured with executable instructions,receiving an identifier of a user from a mobile device; receiving arequest for a recommendation of a merchant that is within apredetermined proximity of the mobile device; determining a geolocationof the mobile device; identifying a merchant within the predeterminedproximity of the mobile device that provides a discount to the user ofthe mobile device, the discount based at least in part on an attributeassociated with the identifier of the user; and sending a recommendationof the merchant and a recommendation for a good or service availablefrom an online retailer to the mobile device.
 11. The method as recitedin claim 10, wherein the identifying the merchant comprises identifyingthe merchant based at least in part on a transaction record associatedwith the identifier of the user.
 12. The method as recited in claim 10,wherein the identifying the merchant comprises identifying the merchantbased at least in part on a list of goods and/or services the user haspreviously viewed, a wish list of goods and/or services associated withthe user, or a list of goods and/or services in a shopping cartassociated with the user.
 13. The method as recited in claim 10, whereinthe identifying the merchant comprises identifying the merchant based atleast in part on a rating or review of the merchant.
 14. The method asrecited in claim 10, wherein the identifying the merchant comprisesidentifying a plurality of merchants within the predetermined proximityand the sending a recommendation comprises sending a list or map of theidentified plurality of merchants to the mobile device.
 15. The methodas recited in claim 10, wherein the attribute comprises at least one ofmembership in a group, contact information of the user, or financialinformation of the user.
 16. The method as recited in claim 10, whereinthe sending the recommendation further comprises sending a rating orreview of the merchant.
 17. The method as recited in claim 10, whereinthe sending the recommendation further comprises sending directions tothe merchant.
 18. The method as recited in claim 17, wherein thedirections comprise a map that indicates a location of the merchant andlocations of other merchants.
 19. The method as recited in claim 10,wherein the sending the recommendation further comprises sending acoupon for the merchant to the mobile device.
 20. The method as recitedin claim 10, wherein the recommendation for the good or serviceavailable from the online retailer comprises a good or service that isalso available at the recommended merchant.
 21. The method as recited inclaim 10, wherein the recommendation for the good or service availablefrom the online retailer comprises a good or service that has beendeemed complementary to goods and/or services offered by the merchant.22. A mobile device comprising: one or more processors; and a memorycoupled to the one or more processors, the memory comprising: anelectronic document including a coupon associated with a merchant; and acoupon activation module configured to activate the coupon based atleast in part on the mobile device being located at the merchant. 23.The mobile device as recited in claim 22, wherein the mobile devicecomprises an electronic book reader device.
 24. The mobile device asrecited in claim 22, wherein the electronic document comprises an eBook.25. The mobile device as recited in claim 22, wherein the coupon isredeemable for a good or service from the merchant.
 26. The mobiledevice as recited in claim 22, wherein the coupon activation module isfurther configured to conceal the coupon from a user of the mobiledevice until the mobile device is located at the merchant.
 27. Themobile device as recited in claim 22, wherein the coupon activationmodule is further configured to conceal an aspect of the coupon from auser of the mobile device until the mobile device is located at themerchant.
 28. The mobile device as recited in claim 22, furthercomprising a network interface coupled to the one or more processors,and wherein the coupon activation module is further configured toactivate the coupon in response to a signal received from the merchantvia the network interface.
 29. The mobile device as recited in claim 22,further comprising a location sensor coupled to the one or moreprocessors, the location sensor configured to determine a geolocation ofthe mobile device and compare the determined location of the mobiledevice with a location of the merchant in order to determine when themobile device is located at the merchant.
 30. A computer-implementedmethod comprising: under control of one or more computer systemsconfigured with executable instructions, determining that a mobiledevice storing, in memory of the mobile device, an electronic documentthat contains a coupon is located at a merchant associated with thecoupon; and activating the coupon contained in the electronic documentat least partly in response to determining that the mobile device islocated at the merchant.
 31. The method as recited in claim 30, whereinthe determining that the mobile device is located at the merchantcomprises receiving a signal from the merchant at the mobile device. 32.The method as recited in claim 30, wherein the determining that themobile device is located at the merchant comprises determining that themobile device is located within a predetermined proximity of themerchant.
 33. The method as recited in claim 30, further comprisingreceiving a command from a user of the mobile device to use the couponas part of a purchase, and wherein the receiving the command comprisesreceiving a command to use the coupon as part of a purchase of a good orservice from the merchant.
 34. The method as recited in claim 30,further comprising receiving a command from a user of the mobile deviceto use the coupon as part of a purchase, and wherein the receiving thecommand comprises receiving a command to use the coupon as part of apurchase of a good or service from an online retailer, the purchasecompleted at least in part by the mobile device.
 35. The method asrecited in claim 30, further comprising downloading the electronicdocument containing the coupon to the mobile device.
 36. The method asrecited in claim 30, further comprising concealing all or part of thecoupon from the user of the mobile device when the mobile device is notlocated at the merchant.